Vibration Analysis of Pulse-Width-Modulated Nozzles in Vineyard Blast Sprayers

Spraying systems to protect crops against pests are still necessary maintain food production at the rates demanded by current population. However, today, it is crucial use precision agriculture reduce negative effects of pesticides and other agrochemicals such as fungicides. In particular, pressure fluctuations related transient states when using pulse-width-modulated nozzles (PMW) have been reported decrease accuracy preset flow in air-assisted orchard sprayers. The objective this paper analyze vibrations induced spraying system a vineyard blast sprayer controlled nozzles, considering instantaneous duty cycle (DC) control variable. An was modified host 24 solenoid shutoff valves with hollow disc–cone nozzles. A triaxial accelerometer mounted track effect (20%, 30%, 50%, 70%). addition accelerations, high-speed images were recorded, according time estimated. hydraulic sprayer, real PWM solenoids, created pulsating impacts nozzle level same frequency 10 Hz PMW system. impact significantly higher for low cycles under 40% DC. addition, demonstrate inaccuracy opening closing precisely specified time, study also confirmed divergence between theoretical commanded sprayer’s unit actual ones measured time. results analysis showed difficulty obtain accurate practical implementation smart sprayers importance understanding vibration pulses arrangements multiple working simultaneously.